Conjugations
Present Presente
Habits, current states, and general facts.
| Subject | Verb form | Listen |
|---|---|---|
| yo | he | |
| tú | has | |
| él / ella / usted | ha auxiliary hay impersonal | |
| nosotros / nosotras | hemos | |
| vosotros / vosotras | habéis | |
| ellos / ellas / ustedes | han |
Preterite Pretérito perfecto simple
Actions viewed as completed events in the past.
| Subject | Verb form | Listen |
|---|---|---|
| yo | hube | |
| tú | hubiste | |
| él / ella / usted | hubo | |
| nosotros / nosotras | hubimos | |
| vosotros / vosotras | hubisteis | |
| ellos / ellas / ustedes | hubieron |
Imperfect Pretérito imperfecto
Past habits, descriptions, and actions in progress.
| Subject | Verb form | Listen |
|---|---|---|
| yo | había | |
| tú | habías | |
| él / ella / usted | había | |
| nosotros / nosotras | habíamos | |
| vosotros / vosotras | habíais | |
| ellos / ellas / ustedes | habían |
Future Futuro simple
Future events; also used to express a guess about the present.
| Subject | Verb form | Listen |
|---|---|---|
| yo | habré | |
| tú | habrás | |
| él / ella / usted | habrá | |
| nosotros / nosotras | habremos | |
| vosotros / vosotras | habréis | |
| ellos / ellas / ustedes | habrán |
Conditional Condicional simple
Hypothetical events and some polite requests.
| Subject | Verb form | Listen |
|---|---|---|
| yo | habría | |
| tú | habrías | |
| él / ella / usted | habría | |
| nosotros / nosotras | habríamos | |
| vosotros / vosotras | habríais | |
| ellos / ellas / ustedes | habrían |
Present subjunctive Presente de subjuntivo
Used in certain clauses expressing wishes, doubt, feelings, and other non-asserted situations.
| Subject | Verb form | Listen |
|---|---|---|
| yo | haya | |
| tú | hayas | |
| él / ella / usted | haya | |
| nosotros / nosotras | hayamos | |
| vosotros / vosotras | hayáis | |
| ellos / ellas / ustedes | hayan |
Use ustedes for plural “you” in Latin America. Its verb form matches ellos / ellas. Vos forms are not included. Google voice when available; device voice as a fallback.
The personal forms are auxiliary forms used with a past participle. The source lists both ha and hay: ha is the auxiliary; hay means “there is / there are.” Existential haber is impersonal (hay, hubo, había), so those uses do not follow the personal rows.
Hay una farmacia en esta calle.
There is a pharmacy on this street.
Existential haber is impersonal: hay, había, hubo. The personal forms in the table also serve as auxiliaries in compound tenses.
Meaning & usage
- to have; forms the perfect aspect
- to exist; there be; “there is”, “there are” (hay); “there was”, “there were” (hubo/había)
- to be necessary
English glosses are a starting point. The meaning of a verb can change with context, a preposition, or se. Read the full dictionary entry ↗
Meanings and conjugation data adapted from English Wiktionary contributors via Kaikki.org / Wiktextract. Frequency scores from wordfreq 3.1.1 by Robyn Speer and contributors. Adapted data is available under CC BY-SA 4.0. Entry source · Sources, download & limitations