Conjugations
Present Presente
Habits, current states, and general facts.
| Subject | Verb form | Listen |
|---|---|---|
| yo | surjo | |
| tú | surges | |
| él / ella / usted | surge | |
| nosotros / nosotras | surgimos | |
| vosotros / vosotras | surgís | |
| ellos / ellas / ustedes | surgen |
Preterite Pretérito perfecto simple
Actions viewed as completed events in the past.
| Subject | Verb form | Listen |
|---|---|---|
| yo | surgí | |
| tú | surgiste | |
| él / ella / usted | surgió | |
| nosotros / nosotras | surgimos | |
| vosotros / vosotras | surgisteis | |
| ellos / ellas / ustedes | surgieron |
Imperfect Pretérito imperfecto
Past habits, descriptions, and actions in progress.
| Subject | Verb form | Listen |
|---|---|---|
| yo | surgía | |
| tú | surgías | |
| él / ella / usted | surgía | |
| nosotros / nosotras | surgíamos | |
| vosotros / vosotras | surgíais | |
| ellos / ellas / ustedes | surgían |
Future Futuro simple
Future events; also used to express a guess about the present.
| Subject | Verb form | Listen |
|---|---|---|
| yo | surgiré | |
| tú | surgirás | |
| él / ella / usted | surgirá | |
| nosotros / nosotras | surgiremos | |
| vosotros / vosotras | surgiréis | |
| ellos / ellas / ustedes | surgirán |
Conditional Condicional simple
Hypothetical events and some polite requests.
| Subject | Verb form | Listen |
|---|---|---|
| yo | surgiría | |
| tú | surgirías | |
| él / ella / usted | surgiría | |
| nosotros / nosotras | surgiríamos | |
| vosotros / vosotras | surgiríais | |
| ellos / ellas / ustedes | surgirían |
Present subjunctive Presente de subjuntivo
Used in certain clauses expressing wishes, doubt, feelings, and other non-asserted situations.
| Subject | Verb form | Listen |
|---|---|---|
| yo | surja | |
| tú | surjas | |
| él / ella / usted | surja | |
| nosotros / nosotras | surjamos | |
| vosotros / vosotras | surjáis | |
| ellos / ellas / ustedes | surjan |
Use ustedes for plural “you” in Latin America. Its verb form matches ellos / ellas. Vos forms are not included. Google voice when available; device voice as a fallback.
Meaning & usage
- to arise, emerge, surface, crop up, spring up, pop up
- to appear
- to grow out of, to come from, arise from (followed by de)
English glosses are a starting point. The meaning of a verb can change with context, a preposition, or se. Read the full dictionary entry ↗
Meanings and conjugation data adapted from English Wiktionary contributors via Kaikki.org / Wiktextract. Frequency scores from wordfreq 3.1.1 by Robyn Speer and contributors. Adapted data is available under CC BY-SA 4.0. Entry source · Sources, download & limitations