Conjugations
Present Presente
Habits, current states, and general facts.
| Subject | Verb form | Listen |
|---|---|---|
| yo | castigo | |
| tú | castigas | |
| él / ella / usted | castiga | |
| nosotros / nosotras | castigamos | |
| vosotros / vosotras | castigáis | |
| ellos / ellas / ustedes | castigan |
Preterite Pretérito perfecto simple
Actions viewed as completed events in the past.
| Subject | Verb form | Listen |
|---|---|---|
| yo | castigué | |
| tú | castigaste | |
| él / ella / usted | castigó | |
| nosotros / nosotras | castigamos | |
| vosotros / vosotras | castigasteis | |
| ellos / ellas / ustedes | castigaron |
Imperfect Pretérito imperfecto
Past habits, descriptions, and actions in progress.
| Subject | Verb form | Listen |
|---|---|---|
| yo | castigaba | |
| tú | castigabas | |
| él / ella / usted | castigaba | |
| nosotros / nosotras | castigábamos | |
| vosotros / vosotras | castigabais | |
| ellos / ellas / ustedes | castigaban |
Future Futuro simple
Future events; also used to express a guess about the present.
| Subject | Verb form | Listen |
|---|---|---|
| yo | castigaré | |
| tú | castigarás | |
| él / ella / usted | castigará | |
| nosotros / nosotras | castigaremos | |
| vosotros / vosotras | castigaréis | |
| ellos / ellas / ustedes | castigarán |
Conditional Condicional simple
Hypothetical events and some polite requests.
| Subject | Verb form | Listen |
|---|---|---|
| yo | castigaría | |
| tú | castigarías | |
| él / ella / usted | castigaría | |
| nosotros / nosotras | castigaríamos | |
| vosotros / vosotras | castigaríais | |
| ellos / ellas / ustedes | castigarían |
Present subjunctive Presente de subjuntivo
Used in certain clauses expressing wishes, doubt, feelings, and other non-asserted situations.
| Subject | Verb form | Listen |
|---|---|---|
| yo | castigue | |
| tú | castigues | |
| él / ella / usted | castigue | |
| nosotros / nosotras | castiguemos | |
| vosotros / vosotras | castiguéis | |
| ellos / ellas / ustedes | castiguen |
Use ustedes for plural “you” in Latin America. Its verb form matches ellos / ellas. Vos forms are not included. Google voice when available; device voice as a fallback.
Meaning & usage
- to punish, to castigate (to cause to suffer for crime or misconduct)
- to ground, gate (to punish, especially a child or teenager, by forcing them to stay at home and/or give up certain privileges)
English glosses are a starting point. The meaning of a verb can change with context, a preposition, or se. Read the full dictionary entry ↗
Meanings and conjugation data adapted from English Wiktionary contributors via Kaikki.org / Wiktextract. Frequency scores from wordfreq 3.1.1 by Robyn Speer and contributors. Adapted data is available under CC BY-SA 4.0. Entry source · Sources, download & limitations