Conjugations
Present Presente
Habits, current states, and general facts.
| Subject | Verb form | Listen |
|---|---|---|
| yo | espero | |
| tú | esperas | |
| él / ella / usted | espera | |
| nosotros / nosotras | esperamos | |
| vosotros / vosotras | esperáis | |
| ellos / ellas / ustedes | esperan |
Preterite Pretérito perfecto simple
Actions viewed as completed events in the past.
| Subject | Verb form | Listen |
|---|---|---|
| yo | esperé | |
| tú | esperaste | |
| él / ella / usted | esperó | |
| nosotros / nosotras | esperamos | |
| vosotros / vosotras | esperasteis | |
| ellos / ellas / ustedes | esperaron |
Imperfect Pretérito imperfecto
Past habits, descriptions, and actions in progress.
| Subject | Verb form | Listen |
|---|---|---|
| yo | esperaba | |
| tú | esperabas | |
| él / ella / usted | esperaba | |
| nosotros / nosotras | esperábamos | |
| vosotros / vosotras | esperabais | |
| ellos / ellas / ustedes | esperaban |
Future Futuro simple
Future events; also used to express a guess about the present.
| Subject | Verb form | Listen |
|---|---|---|
| yo | esperaré | |
| tú | esperarás | |
| él / ella / usted | esperará | |
| nosotros / nosotras | esperaremos | |
| vosotros / vosotras | esperaréis | |
| ellos / ellas / ustedes | esperarán |
Conditional Condicional simple
Hypothetical events and some polite requests.
| Subject | Verb form | Listen |
|---|---|---|
| yo | esperaría | |
| tú | esperarías | |
| él / ella / usted | esperaría | |
| nosotros / nosotras | esperaríamos | |
| vosotros / vosotras | esperaríais | |
| ellos / ellas / ustedes | esperarían |
Present subjunctive Presente de subjuntivo
Used in certain clauses expressing wishes, doubt, feelings, and other non-asserted situations.
| Subject | Verb form | Listen |
|---|---|---|
| yo | espere | |
| tú | esperes | |
| él / ella / usted | espere | |
| nosotros / nosotras | esperemos | |
| vosotros / vosotras | esperéis | |
| ellos / ellas / ustedes | esperen |
Use ustedes for plural “you” in Latin America. Its verb form matches ellos / ellas. Vos forms are not included. Google voice when available; device voice as a fallback.
Meaning & usage
- to hope
- to expect
- to wait, wait (for)
English glosses are a starting point. The meaning of a verb can change with context, a preposition, or se. Read the full dictionary entry ↗
Meanings and conjugation data adapted from English Wiktionary contributors via Kaikki.org / Wiktextract. Frequency scores from wordfreq 3.1.1 by Robyn Speer and contributors. Adapted data is available under CC BY-SA 4.0. Entry source · Sources, download & limitations